Pronunciation/Pronunciación:	Cryp-tán-tha
Etymology/Etimología:	krypto/crypto, "hidden / econdido" + anthos, "flower / flor," after the cleistogamous flowers in the type species / de las flores cleistógamas en la especies tipo
Synonyms/Sinónimos:	Echinospermum Sw. ex Lehm. Eremocarya Greene Eritrichium Schrad. ex Gaudin Greeneocharis Gürke & Harms Hemisphaerocarya Brand Johnstonella Brand Krynitzkia Fisch. & C.A. Meyer, Index Seminum [St. Petersburg] 7: 52. 1841 Lithospermum L. Myosotis L. Oreocarya Greene Piptocalyx Torr., ined. Rochelia Rch. Wheelerella G.B. Grant, ined.]
Type Species/EspeciesTipo:	Cryptantha glomerata Lehmann ex G.Don, Gen. Hist. 4(1): 373 (1837)       Lectotype chosen by Johnston 1935, J. Arnold Arbor. 16(2): 196. 1935 [24 Apr 1935]

Distribution of Cryptantha:
LEFT: GBIF 2019: https://www.gbif.org. Accessed 24 Dec 2019.
RIGHT: POWO. 2019. Plants of the World Online. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org. Green=native. Accessed 24 Dec 2019.

TOTAL NUMBER OF TAXA IN GENUS: 111 species and 126 minimally ranked taxa FULL SYNONOMY HERE

NORTH AMERICAN TAXA [SA = also in South America] 65 species (79 taxa) of Cryptantha in North America 65 especies (79 taxones) de Cryptantha de Norteamericana Johnston's 1925 Treatment Listing by Series [*=Series placement not recognized by Johnston] Back to Alphabetical Listing	SOUTH AMERICAN TAXA [NA = also in North America] 47 species (48 taxa) of Cryptantha in South America 47 especies (48 taxones) de Cryptantha de Sudamericana Johnston's 1927 Treatment Johnston's 1929 Treatment Listing by Series [*=Series placement not recognized by Johnston] Back to Alphabetical Listing

TAXON/TAXÓN                                                                 COUNTRY/PAÍS Series Affines (Johnston 1925)     Cryptantha affinis (A.Gray) Greene Canada USA Cryptantha clevelandii Greene * Mexico USA    var. clevelandii Mexico USA    var. florosa Mexico USA Cryptantha corollata (I.M.Johnston) I.M.Johnston *   USA Cryptantha decipiens (M.E.Jones) A.Heller * Mexico USA Cryptantha hispidula Greene ex Brand  SE * USA Cryptantha microstachys (Greene ex A.Gray) Greene *  Mexico USA Cryptantha rattanii Greene 4.3 * USA       Series Ambiguae (Johnston 1925)     Cryptantha ambigua (A.Gray) Greene Canada USA Cryptantha crinita Greene 1B.2 USA Cryptantha mariposae I. M. Johnston 1B.3  SE   USA Cryptantha torreyana (A.Gray) Greene Canada USA    var. pumila (A. Heller) I.M.Johnston USA    var. torreyana Canada USA Cryptantha watsonii (A.Gray) Greene * Canada USA       Series Barbigerae (Johnston 1925)     Cryptantha arenophila Rebman & M.G.Simpson Mexico   Cryptantha barbigera (A.Gray) Greene Mexico USA    var. barbigera Mexico USA    var. fergusoniae J.F.Macbride USA Cryptantha catalinensis M.G.Simpson & Rebman USA Cryptantha clementina Rebman & M.G.Simpson USA Cryptantha ganderi I.M.Johnston 1B.1  *   Mexico USA Cryptantha grandiflora Rydberg USA Cryptantha hendersonii (A.Nelson) Piper ex J.C.Nelson USA Cryptantha intermedia (A.Gray) Greene   Canada? Mexico USA   var. johnstonii J.F.Macbride Mexico USA   var. intermedia  WI/IN  Mexico USA Cryptantha kinkiensis Rebman & M.G.Simpson USA Cryptantha milobakeri I.M.Johnston  SI USA Cryptantha patula Greene * Mexico   Cryptantha whippleae D.A.York & M.G.Simpson 1B*   USA Cryptantha wigginsii I.M.Johnston 1B.2 Mexico USA       Series Dumertoreae *      Cryptantha dumetorum (Greene ex A.Gray) Greene USA       Series Echinellae *     Cryptantha echinella Greene USA Cryptantha glomeriflora Greene 4.3 * USA Cryptantha incana Greene 1B.3   USA       Series Flaccidae (Johnston 1925)   Cryptantha flaccida (Douglas ex Lehmann) Greene  WI USA Cryptantha rostellata (Greene) Greene 4.2 USA Cryptantha simulans Greene * USA Cryptantha sparsiflora (Greene) Greene USA Cryptantha spithamaea I.M.Johnston 1B.3 USA       Series Foliosae *     Cryptantha foliosa (Greene) Greene Mexico   Cryptantha traskiae I.M.Johnston 1B.1 USA       Series Leiocarpae (Johnston 1925)     Cryptantha dissita I.M.Johnston 1B.2  BE/SI USA Cryptantha hispidissima Greene USA Cryptantha juniperensis R.B.Kelley & M.G.Simpson *   Mexico USA Cryptantha leiocarpa (Fischer & C.A.Meyer) Greene   USA Cryptantha nemaclada Greene USA       Series Micromereae *      Cryptantha micromeres (A.Gray) Greene Mexico USA       Series Pterocaryae (Johnston 1925)     Cryptantha cycloptera (Greene) Greene    Mexico USA    f. truncata M.E.Mabry & Rebman   USA Cryptantha gracilis Osterhout * USA Cryptantha mohavensis (Greene) Greene * USA Cryptantha oxygona (A.Gray) Greene USA Cryptantha pterocarya (Torrey) Greene  Mexico USA   var. pterocarya Mexico USA      f. pseudocycloptera M.E.Mabry & M.G.Simpson Mexico USA   var. purpusii Jepson Mexico USA   var. stenoloba I.M.Johnston USA Cryptantha utahensis (A.Gray) Greene Mexico USA       Series Scoparieae *     Cryptantha nevadensis A.Nelson & P.B.Kennedy USA Cryptantha scoparia A.Nelson 4.3 USA       Series Texanae (Johnston 1925)     Cryptantha crassisepala (Torrey & A Gray) Greene USA    var. crassisepala USA    var. elachantha I.M.Johnston   USA Cryptantha fendleri (A.Gray) Greene 2B.2 * Canada USA Cryptantha kelseyana Greene Canada USA Cryptantha minima Rydberg USA Cryptantha texana (A.DC.) Greene USA       Currently Unplaced to Series:     Cryptantha excavata Brandegee 1B.1  WI   USA Cryptantha recurvata Coville USA         MARITIMAE CLADE [Simpson et al. 2017;     Mabry and Simpson 2018; =Cryptantha s.s.2 of     Hasenstab and Simpson 2012]   Series Maritimae (Johnston 1925)   Cryptantha echinosepala J.F.Macbride   Mexico   Cryptantha maritima (Greene) Greene  SA   Mexico USA    var. cedrosensis (Greene) I. M. Johnston Mexico    var. maritima Mexico USA    var. pilosa I. M. Johnston  SA Mexico USA    var. vizcainensis Rebman & M.G.Simpson Mexico   Cryptantha pondii Greene Mexico       Series Muricatae (Johnston 1925)   Cryptantha acrimuricata J.M.André, L.M.Simpson, & M.G.Simpson   Mexico USA Cryptantha clokeyi I.M.Johnston  1B.2 USA Cryptantha hooveri I.M.Johnston 1A (Tentative) USA Cryptantha martirensis M. G. Simpson & Rebman Mexico   Cryptantha muricata (Hooker & Arnott) A.Nelson & J.F.Macbride Mexico USA    var. denticulata (Greene) I. M. Johnston USA    var. jonesii (A. Gray) I. M. Johnston Mexico USA    var. muricata USA

TAXON/TAXÓN                                                                COUNTRY/PAÍS SECTION EUCRYPTANTHA   Series Capituliflorae (Johnston 1927)     Cryptantha capituliflora (Clos) Reiche Argentina Chile Cryptantha longifolia (Philippi) Reiche Chile Cryptantha spathulata (Philippi) Reiche Chile       Series Glomeratae (Johnston 1927)     Cryptantha alfalfalis (Philippi) I.M.Johnston Chile Cryptantha aspera (Philippi) Grau Chile Cryptantha glomerata Lehmann ex G.Don Chile    subsp. glomerata Chile    subsp. quadrinuculata Grau Chile       Series Glomeruliferae (Johnston 1927)     Cryptantha glomerulifera (Philippi) I.M.Johnston Argentina Chile       Series Haplostachyae (Johnston 1927)     Cryptantha calycotricha I.M.Johnston Chile Cryptantha haplostachya (Philippi) I.M.Johnston Chile             SECTION GEOCARYA     Series Alyssoides (Johnston 1927)     Cryptantha alyssoides (DC.) Reiche Chile     Series Dimorphae (Johnston 1927)     Cryptantha cynoglossoides (Philippi) I.M.Johnston [Grau 1981] Argentina Chile Cryptantha dimorpha (Philippi) Greene [Grau 1981] Chile Cryptantha involucrata (Philippi) Reiche Chile Cryptantha volckmannii (Philippi) I.M.Johnston Chile     Series Dolichophyllae (Johnston 1927)     Cryptantha dolichophylla (Philippi) Reiche Chile Cryptantha gayi I.M.Johnston Chile Cryptantha macrocalyx (Philippi) Reiche Chile     Series Lineares (Johnston 1927)   Cryptantha aprica (Philippi) Reiche Chile Cryptantha linearis (Colla) Greene Chile     Cryptantha chispae Grau Chile Cryptantha marticorenae Grau Chile         SECTION "KRYNITZKIA" (not a monophyletic group)   Series Barbigerae (not a monophyletic group)   Cryptantha calycina (Philippi) Reiche Chile Cryptantha patagonica (Speg.) I.M.Johnston Argentina     Series Gnaphalioides (Johnston 1927; Teillier 2009)   Cryptantha gnaphalioides (A.DC.) Reiche Chile Cryptantha marioricardiana Teillier [tentative] Chile     Series Phaceloides (Johnston 1927)   Cryptantha dichita (Philippi) I.M.Johnston Chile Cryptantha hispida (Philippi) Reiche Chile Cryptantha phaceloides (Clos) Reiche Chile     Series Texanae (Johnston 1925, 1930)   Cryptantha mendocina I.M.Johnston Argentina     Insertae Sedis   Cryptantha latefissa R.L.Pérez-Mor. Argentina Cryptantha papillosa R.L.Pérez-Mor. Argentina         GLOBULIFERA CLADE [Simpson et al. 2017;     Mabry and Simpson 2018]   Cryptantha debilis (Philippi) Reiche Bolivia Chile Cryptantha diffusa (Philippi) I.M.Johnston Argentina Bolivia Chile Cryptantha globulifera (Clos) Reiche Argentina Chile Cryptantha peruviana I.M.Johnston Bolivia Peru Cryptantha werdermanniana I.M.Johnston Chile         MARITIMAE CLADE [Simpson et al. 2017;     Mabry and Simpson 2018; =Cryptantha s.s.2 of     Hasenstab and Simpson 2012]   Series Maritimae (Johnston 1925)   Cryptantha maritima (Greene) Greene  NA Argentina    var. pilosa I.M.Johnston  NA Argentina       Cryptantha argentea I.M.Johnston Chile Cryptantha chaetocalyx (Philippi) I.M.Johnston Chile Cryptantha filaginea (Philippi) Reiche Chile Peru Cryptantha filiformis (Philippi) Reiche Chile Cryptantha granulosa (Ruiz & Pav.) I.M.Johnston Peru Cryptantha limensis (A.DC.) I.M.Johnston Chile Peru Cryptantha romanii I.M.Johnston Chile Cryptantha subamplexicaulis (Philippi) Reiche Chile Cryptantha taltalensis I.M.Johnston Chile Cryptantha varians Brand   Peru         UNKNOWN/UNCERTAIN   Cryptantha unknown - South America

California Native Plant Society (CNPS) Inventory Listings:

1A = California endemic, presumed extinct 1B = Rare, threatened, or endangered in California and elsewhere 2 = Rare, threatened, or endangered in California, but more common elsewhere 3 = review list (they need more information to list or not) 4 = Limited distribution (Watch List) .1 = Seriously endangered in California (over 80% of occurrences threatened / high degree and immediacy of threat) .2 = Fairly endangered in California (20-80% occurrences threatened) .3 = Not very endangered in California (<20% of occurrences threatened or no current threats known)

Plant Taxa with High Affinity to Ultramafic Substrates in California (after Safford et al. 2005, Safford and Miller 2020):

BE/SI = Broad Endemic/Strong Indicator SE = Strong Endemic SI = Strong Indicator

WI = Weak Indicator WI/IN = Weak Indicator/Indifferent

KEYS/CLAVES TO SOUTH AMERICAN CRYPTANTHA

CHROMOSOME NUMBERS OF AMSINCKIINAE, including Cryptantha

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