Cryptantha pterocarya

Pronunciation/Pronunciación:	Cryp-tán-tha pte-ro-cár-ya
Etymology/Etimología:	"wing nut," after the winged nutlet
Synonyms/Sinónimos:	Homotypic Synonyms: Eritrichium pterocaryum Torrey. Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 142. 1859. (Basionym) Krynitzia pterocarya (Torrey) A. Gray. Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 20: 276. 1885. Heterotypic Synonyms: Eritrichium pterocaryum Torrey var. pectinatum A. Gray. Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 10: 61. 1874. Holotype: Parry 168-169, 1874 (NY01111827) Krynitzia pterocarya (Torrey) A. Gray var. pectinata (A. Gray) A. Gray Proc. Am. Acad. 20: 276. 1885. Cryptantha pectocarya Frye & Rigg. Northwest Fl. 328. 1912. Cryptantha pterocarya (Torrey) Greene var. pectinata Brand. Pflanzenr. (Engler) [Heft 97] 4, Fam. 252: 55. 1931.
Type/Tipo:	Wright 1570, 1859 (NY335255). Wilkes Expedition 1047, s.d. 1859. Wallah Wallah, Washington. Hills and rocky places near El Paso, etc.; Bigelow. Approximate locality of type collection: 46.07 N 118.3 W

Johnston 1925 Description, p. 51

Description in The Jepson eFlora

Phylogenetic Relationships:

Cladograms from: Top, Simpson et al. 2017:1411, cpDNA results; Bottom, Mabry and Simpson 2018, concatenated results.
In all these results, Cryptantha pterocarya is part of a well-supported clade with C. utahensis, C. mohavensis, C. oxygona, and C. gracilis (3 of these,
including C. utahensis, in Johnston's series Pterocaryae), this clade sister to one including C. nevadensis and C. scoparia.

Distribution:

Kartesz, J.T., The Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2012. North American Plant Atlas (http://www.bonap.org/MapSwitchboard.html).
Chapel Hill, N.C. [maps generated from Kartesz, J.T. 2010. Floristic Synthesis of North America, Version 1.0. Biota of North America Program (BONAP). (in press)].
COLOR KEY: Dark green=present in state; Light green=present in county, not rare.

Holotype:

Cryptantha pterocarya
Wilkes Expedition 1047, 1859 (NY 335248)
Wallah Wallah, Washington. Approximate locality: 46.07 N 118.3 W

Revised Key:
(After: Mabry, M. E., R. A. Dowdy, L. M. Simpson, J. P. Rebman, and M. G. Simpson. 2016. Taxonomy of the winged popcorn flower: Cryptantha pterocarya (Boraginaceae). Phytotaxa 253: 97-130.

   At least some nutlets with marginal wing encircling entire nutlet body, including base; nutlets homomorphic with all 4 winged (forma cycloptera),
      or heteromorphic with odd nutlet having reduced wing at sides and base (forma truncata) ............................... C. cycloptera [C. pterocarya var. cycloptera]

   All nutlets lacking a marginal wing at base of nutlet body, nutlets homomorphic or heteromorphic

      At least some nutlets with prominent, apically lobed or toothed wings >0.6 mm wide; nutlet body 1.8–3.2 mm long

         Calyx body in fruit ovoid, 3–4(6) mm long, sepals lance-ovate to lanceolate (length:width ratio 2–4); nutlets heteromorphic with one nutlet unwinged
            (forma pterocarya) or homomorphic with all four nutlets winged (forma pseudocycloptera), nutlet body generally 1.8-2.8 mm long, wing width of
            consimilar nutlets 0.6 mm and greater ........................................................................................................................ C. pterocarya var. pterocarya

         Calyx body in fruit lance-ovoid, 5–8 mm long, sepals lanceolate (length:width ratio 3–5); nutlets heteromorphic, the odd nutlet unwinged,
            nutlet body generally 2.8-3.2 mm long ......................................................................................................................... C. pterocarya var. stenoloba

      At least some nutlets with narrow, lobed or toothed wings <0.6 mm wide, or with narrow, linear, marginal rim; nutlet body 1.2-2.2 mm long
         ...................................................................................................................................................................................... C. pterocarya var. purpusii

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Cryptantha pterocarya (Torrey) Greene