American Amphitropical Disjunction
Working Group
(see figshare site for data and comments)



Literature sorted by taxon:
(Updated 19 Dec 2017)

APIACEAE:

Bell, C. R. 1954. The Sanicula crassicaulis complex (Umbelliferae), a study of variation and polyploidy. University of California Publications in Botany 27: 133-230.
Bell, C. R. and L. Constance. 1957. Chromosome numbers in Umbelliferae. American Journal of Botany 44: 565-572. https://doi.org/10.2307/2438928
Constance, L., T.-I. Chuang and C. R. Bell. 1976. Chromosome numbers in Umbelliferae. V. American Journal of Botany 63: 608-625. https://doi.org/10.2307/2441824
Constance, L. and R. H. Shan. 1948. The genus Osmorhiza (Umbelliferae), a study in geographic affinities. Univ. Calif. (Berkeley) Publ. Botany 23: 111-156.
Di Fulvio, T. E. 1976. Chromosomas somaticos de Lilaeopsis carolinensis Coult. & Rose (Umbelliferae). Kurtziana 9: 141.
Froebe, H. A. 1964. Die Blütenstände der Saniculoideen (Umbelliferae). Beitr. Biol. Pflanzen 40: 325-388.
Froebe, H. A. 1971. Inflorescence structure in Umbelliferae. Pp. 157-178 in The Biology and Chemistry of Umbelliferae. Suppl. I, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64, ed. V. H. Heywood.
Kheikh, M. Y. 1983. New taxa of Western American Eryngium (Umbelliferae). Madrono 30: 93-101.
Shan, R. H. and L. Constance. 1951. The genus Sanicula (Umbelliferae) in the old world and the new. Univ. Calif. (Berkeley) Publ. Botany 25: 1-78.
Spalik, K., M. Piwczy?ski, C. A. Danderson, R. Kurzyna-M?ynik, T. S. Bone and S. R. Downie. 2010. Amphitropic amphiantarctic disjunctions in Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae. Journal of Biogeography 37: 1977-1994. 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2010.02334.x
Vargas, P., B. G. Baldwin and L. Constance. 1998. Nuclear ribosomal DNA evidence for a western North American origin of Hawaiian and South American species of  Sanicula (Apiaceae). PNAS 95: 235–240. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.1.235
Wen, J., P. P. L. Ii, J. L. Walck and K.-O. Yoo. 2002. Phylogenetic and Biogeographic Diversification in Osmorhiza (Apiaceae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 89: 414-428. https://doi.org/10.2307/3298601

ASTERACEAE:

Chmielewski, J. G. and C. C. Chinnappa. 1988. The genus Antennaria (Asteraceae: Inuleae) in western North America. II. Additional chromosome counts. Rhodora 90: 133-137.
Emery, N. C., E. J. Forrestel, G. Jui, M. S. Park, B. G. Baldwin and D. D. Ackerly. 2012. Niche evolution across spatial scales: climate and habitat specialization in California Lasthenia (Asteraceae). Ecology 93: S151–S166.
Keil, D. J., M. A. Luckow and D. J. Pinkava. 1988. Chromosome studies in Asteraceae from the United States, Mexico, the West Indies, and South America. American Journal of Botany 75: 652-668. https://doi.org/10.2307/2444199
Lohwasser, U., A. Granda and F. R. Blattner. 2004. Phylogenetic analysis of Microseris (Asteraceae), including a newly discovered Andean population from Peru. Systematic Botany 29: 774-780. https://doi.org/10.1600/0363644041744446
Marlowe, K. and L. Hufford. 2007. Taxonomy and biogeography of Gaillardia (Asteraceae): A phylogenetic analysis. Systematic Botany 32: 208–226.
Moore, A. and B. G. Baldwin. 2008. Phylogeny and biogeography of Grindelia (Asteraceae: Astereae). Botany 2008: Annual Meeting of the Botanical Society of America. University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC, Canada.
Moore, A. and B. G. Baldwin. 2010. Biogeography and evolutionary history of Grindelia (Asteraceae: Astereae). Botany 2010: Annual Meeting of the Botanical Society of America. Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
Moore, A. J., A. Bartoli, R. D. Tortosa and B. G. Baldwin. 2012. Phylogeny, biogeography, and chromosome evolution of the amphitropical genus Grindelia (Asteraceae) inferred from nuclear ribosomal and chloroplast sequence data. Taxon 61: 211–230.
Oud, J. L., F. Schuring and C. Berg. 1988. The karyotypes of Microseris bigelovii, M. douglasii and M. pygmaea (Asteraceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 159: 249-256.
Schneider, A. and A. J. Moore. 2017. Parallel Pleistocene amphitropical disjunctions in a parasitic plant and its host. American Journal of Botany 104: 1745-1755. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1700181
Van Houten, W., L. v. Raamsdonk and K. Bachmann.
1994. Intraspecific evolution of Microseris pygmaea (Asteraceae, Lactuceae) analyzed by cosegregation of phenotypic characters (QTLs) and molecular markers (RAPDs). Plant Systematics and Evolution 190: 49-67. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00937858

BORAGINALES (including Boraginaceae s.s., Ehretiaceae, Hydrophyllaceae):

Chacón, J., F. Luebert, H. H. Hilger, S. Ovcinnikova, F. Selvi, L. Cecchi, C. M. Guilliams, K. Hasenstab-Lehman, K. Sutorý, M. G. Simpson and M. Weigend. 2016. The borage family (Boraginaceae s.str.): A revised infrafamilial classification based on new phylogenetic evidence, with emphasis on the placement of some enigmatic genera. Taxon 65: 523–546. http://dx.doi.org/10.12705/653.6
Chacón, J., F. Luebert and M. Weigend. 2017. Biogeographic events are not correlated with diaspore dispersal modes in Boraginaceae. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 5 (Article 26): 1-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2017.00026
Grau, J. 1971. Cytologische Untersuchungen an Boraginaceae II. Mitteilungen der Botanischen Staatssammlung München 9: 177-194.
Grau, J. 1988. Chromosomenzahlen Chilenischer Boraginaceae. Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 27: 29-32.
Guilliams, C. M. 2015. Diversification, biogeography, and classification of the Amsinckiinae (Boraginaceae), with an emphasis on the popcorn flowers (Plagiobothrys). PhD Dissertation. Berkeley, California: University of California, Berkeley.
Guilliams, C. M. and B. G. Baldwin. 2010. Phylogenetic Relationships of the Popcorn Flowers, Plagiobothrys (Boraginaceae), Inferred Using nrDNA (ITS) and cpDNA (trnL-trnF, rps16, 3' trnL). Botany 2010. July 31 - August 4. Providence, Rhode Island, Scientific Abstract.
Guilliams, C. M. and B. G. Baldwin. 2011. Memoirs of a frequent flier–molecular phylogenetic evidence for multiple long-distance dispersals of popcorn flowers (Plagiobothrys, Boraginaceae) between North America and South America. Botany 2011, a joint meeting of the American Fern Society, American Society of Plant Taxonomists, the Botanical Society of America and the Society for Economic Botany. St. Louis, Missouri, U. S. A.
Guilliams, C. M. and B. G. Baldwin. 2011. Memoirs of a frequent flier - Molecular phylogenetic evidence for multiple long-distance dispersals of popcorn flowers (Plagiobothrys, Boraginaceae) between North America and South America. Botany 2011: Annual Meeting of the Botanical Society of America. St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Guilliams, M., M. Mabry, K. Hasenstab-Lehman, B. G. Baldwin and M. Simpson. 2016. Exploring patterns and mechanisms of American amphitropical disjunction in the Amsinckiinae (Boraginaceae). Botany 2016: Annual Meeting of the Botanical Society of America. Savannah, Georgia, USA.
Guilliams, M. C., K. Hasenstab-Lehman, M. Mabry and M. G. Simpson. 2017. Memoirs of a frequent flier: Phylogenomics reveals 18 long-distance dispersals between North America and South America in the popcorn flowers (Amsinckiinae, Boraginaceae). American Journal of Botany 104: 1717-1728. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1700369
Hansen, D. R., G. S. Spicer and R. Patterson. 2009. Phylogenetic relationships between and within Phacelia sections Whitlavia and Gymnobythus (Boraginaceae). Systematic Botany 34: 737-746. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364409790139637
Hasenstab-Lehman, K. E. and M. G. Simpson. 2012. Cat’s eyes and popcorn flowers: Phylogenetic systematics of the genus Cryptantha s.l. (Boraginaceae). Systematic Botany 37: 738–757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1600/036364412X648706
Johnston, I. M. 1925. Studies in the Boraginaceae IV. The North American species of Cryptantha. Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University 74: 1-114.
Johnston, I. M. 1927. Studies in the Boraginaceae VI. A revision of the South American Boraginoideae. Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University 78: 1-118.
Las Peñas, M. L. 2003. Estudios cromosómicos de dos especies argentinas de Cryptantha (Boraginaceae). Kurtziana 30: 77-79.
Las Peñas, M. L. 2005. Números cromosómicos de Cryptantha diffusa y C. maritima (Boraginaceae). Bulletin of the Botanical Society of Argentina 40: 283 - 284.
Mabry, M. and M. G. Simpson. 2014. Evaluating the monophyly and Interrelationships of Cryptantha s.s. (Boraginaceae). Botany 2014: Annual Meeting of the Botanical Society of America. Boise, Idaho, USA.
Mabry, M. and M. G. Simpson. 2015. Evaluating the monophyly and biogeography of Cryptantha s.s. (Boraginaceae). Botany 2015: Annual Meeting of the Botanical Society of America. Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Mabry, M. E. 2015. Evaluating the monophyly and biogeography of Cryptantha (Boraginaceae). M. S. San Diego, California, USA: San Diego State University.
Mabry, M. E. and M. G. Simpson. In press. Evaluating the monophyly and biogeography of Cryptantha (Boraginaceae). Systematic Botany.
Moore, M. J., R. K. Jansen and A. Tye. 2004. Long-distance dispersal in Tiquilia subg. Tiquilia (Boraginaceae): North America, South America, and the Galápagos Islands. Botany 2004: Annual Meeting of the Botanical Society of America. Snowbird Resort, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Moore, M. J., A. Tye and R. K. Jansen. 2006. Patterns of long-distance dispersal in Tiquilia subg. Tiquilia (Boraginaceae): implications for the origins of amphitropical disjuncts and Galapagos Islands endemics. American Journal of Botany 93: 1163-1177. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.93.8.1163
Simpson, M. G., C. M. Guilliams, K. E. Hasenstab-Lehman, M. E. Mabry and L. Ripma. 2017. Phylogeny of the popcorn flowers: Use of genome skimming to evaluate monophyly and interrelationships in subtribe Amsinckiinae (Boraginaceae). Taxon 66: 1406–1420. https://doi.org/10.12705/666.8
Veno, B. A. 1979. A revision of the genus Pectocarya (Boraginaceae) including reduction to synonymy of the genus Harpagonella (Boraginaceae). University of California, Los Angeles: Doctoral Dissertation.
Walden, G. K., L. M. Garrison, G. S. Spicer, F. W. Cipriano and R. Patterson. 2014. Phylogenies and chromosome evolution of Phacelia (Boraginaceae: Hydrophylloideae) inferred from nuclear ribosomal and chloroplast sequence data. Madrono 61: 16-47. https://doi.org/10.3120/0024-9637-61.1.16

BRASSICACEAE:

Al-Shehbaz, I. A. 2010. The legacy of Asa Gray's South American botany: Examples of amphitropical disjunctions from the Brassicaceae. Harvard Papers in Botany 15: 205-208. https://doi.org/10.3100/025.015.0203
Bleeker, W., C. Weber-Sparenberg and H. Hurka. 2002. Chloroplast DNA variation and biogeography in the genus Rorippa Scop. (Brassicaceae). Plant Biology 4: 104-111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2002-20442
Carrique, M. C. and A. J. Martínez. 1984. Números de cromosómas de Cruciferae 1. Parodiana 3: 113-128.
Koch, M. and I. A. Al-Shehbaz. 2004. Taxonomic and phylogenetic evaluation of the American “Thlaspi” species: Identity and relationship to the Eurasian genus Noccaea (Brassicaceae). Systematic Botany 29: 375-384. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364404774195566

CAPPARACEAE:

Covas, G. and B. Schnack. 1946. Numero de cromosomas en Autofitas de la region de Cuyo (Republica Argentina). Revista de Argentina Agronomía 13: 153-166.

CYPERACEAE:

Escudero, M., E. Maguilla and M. Luceño. 2013. Selection by climatic regime and neutral evolutionary processes in holocentric chromosomes (Carex gr. laevigata: Cyperaceae): A microevolutionary approach. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 15: 118-129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2013.01.001
Guaglianone, E. R., G. A. Wheeler and M. S. Gonzalez-Elizondo. 2009. Cyperaceae, Ciperáceas. Pp. in Flora de San Juan, Republica Argentina VOLUMEN IV: Monocotiledóneas, ed. R. Kiesling, E. R. Guaglianone, A. M. Cialdella, Z. E. Rugolo de Agrasar. San Juan, Argentina: Editorial Fundacion Universidad Nacional de San Juan.
Murray, D. F. 2002. Carex, section Capituligerae (Cyperaceae). Pp. 569–570 in Flora of North America North of Mexico 23, ed. FloraofNorthAmericaEditorialCommittee. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Roalson, E. H. 2008. A synopsis of chromosome number variation in the Cyperaceae. Botanical Review 74: 209-393. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12229-008-9011-y
Villaverde, T., M. Escudero, L. P. Bruederle, J. R. Starr, S. Martín-Bravo and M. Luceño. 2016. The bipolar disjunction in biogeography: Case studies in genus Carex (Cyperaceae). Botany 2016: Annual Meeting of the Botanical Society of America. Savannah, Georgia, USA.
Villaverde, T., M. Escudero, M. Luceño and S. Martín-Bravo. 2015b. Long-distance dispersal during the middle–late Pleistocene explains the bipolar disjunction of Carex maritima (Cyperaceae). Journal of Biogeography 42: 1820–1831. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12559
Villaverde, T., M. Escudero, S. Martín-Bravo, L. P. Bruederle, M. Luceño and J. R. Starr. 2015a. Direct long-distance dispersal best explains the bipolar distribution of Carex arctogena (Carex sect. Capituligerae, Cyperaceae). Journal of Biogeography 42: 1514–1525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12521
Villaverde, T., M. Escudero, S. Martín-Bravo and M. Luceño. 2017b. Two independent dispersals to the Southern Hemisphere to become the most widespread bipolar Carex species: biogeography of C. canescens (Cyperaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 183: 360-372. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/bow011
Villaverde, T., P. González-Moreno, F. Rodríguez-Sánchez and M. Escudero. 2017b. Niche shifts after long-distance dispersal events in bipolar sedges (Carex, Cyperaceae). American Journal of Botany 104: 1765-1774. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1700171

EPHEDRACEAE:

Chouhdry, A. S. 1984. Karyomorphological and cytological studies in Ephedra. J. Sci. Hiroshima Univ., Ser. B 19: 57-109.
Ickert-Bond, S. M., C. Rydin and S. S. Renner. 2009. A fossil-calibrated relaxed clock for Ephedra indicates an Oligocene age for the divergence of Asian and New World clades and Miocene dispersal into South America. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 47: 444–456. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-6831.2009.00053.x
Nakata, M. and K. Oginuma. 1989. Cytological studies on phanerogams in southern Peru, II. Chromosomes of Tetraglochin strictum (Rosaceae) and Ephedra americana (Ephedraceae). Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, B 15: 63-66.

ERICACEAE:

Fritsch, P. W., L. Lu, C. M. Bush, B. C. Cruz, K. A. Kron and D.-Z. Li. 2011. Phylogenetic analysis of the wintergreen group (Ericaceae) based on six genic regions. Systematic Botany 36: 990-1003. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364411X604994

FABACEAE:

Bessega, C., J. C. Vilardi and B. O. Saidman. 2006. Genetic relationships among American species of the genus Prosopis (Mimosoideae, Leguminosae) inferred from ITS sequences: evidence for long-distance dispersal. Journal of Biogeography 33: 1905–1915.
Burghardt, A. D. and S. M. Espert. 2007. Phylogeny of Prosopis (Leguminosae) as shown by morphological and biochemical evidence. Australian systematic botany 20: 332–339.
Burkart, A. 1976. A monograph of the genus Prosopis, Leguminosae, subfamily Mimosoideae. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 57: 450-525.
Dopchiz, L. P., E. Gomez-Sosa and L. Poggio. 1995. Karyotype and nuclear DNA content of six species of Astragalus (Leguminosae). Cytologia 60: 329-335. https://doi.org/10.1508/cytologia.60.329
Drummond, C. S., R. J. Eastwood, S. T. S. Miotto and C. E. Hughes. 2012. Multiple continental radiations and correlates of diversification in Lupinus (Leguminosae): Testing for key innovation with incomplete taxon sampling. Systematic Biology 61: 443–460. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syr126
Grant, W. F. 1997. Karyotypes and idiograms of some western North American species of Lotus (Fabaceae). Aliso 16: 73-80.
McMahon, M. 2005. Phylogenetic relationships and floral evolution in the papilionoid legume clade Amorpheae. Brittonia 57: 397-411. https://doi.org/10.1663/0007-196X(2005)057[0397:PRAFEI]2.0.CO;2
McMahon, M. and L. Hufford. 2004. Phylogeny of Amorpheae (Fabaceae: Papilionoideae). American Journal of Botany 91: 1219–1230.
Murphy, D. J., G. K. Brown, J. T. Miller and P. Y. Ladiges. 2010. Molecular phylogeny of Acacia Mill. (Mimosoideae: Leguminosae): Evidence for major clades and informal classification. Taxon 59: 7-19.
Scherson, R. A., R. Vidal and M. J. Sanderson. 2008. Phylogeny, biogeography, and rates of diversification of New World Astragalus (Leguminosae) with an emphasis on South American radiations. American Journal of Botany 95: 1030–1039. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.0800017
Simpson, B., J. Tate and A. Weeks. 2003. Phylogeny and biogeography of Hoffmannseggia (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae): A tale of many travels. Botany 2003: Annual Meeting of the Botanical Society of America. Mobile, Alabama, USA.
Simpson, B. B., J. A. Tate and A. Weeks. 2005. The biogeography of Hoffmannseggia (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Caesalpinieae): a tale of many travels. Journal of Biogeography 32: 15-27. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2004.01161.x
Spellenberg, R. 1976. Chromosome numbers and their cytotaxonomic significance for North American Astragalus (Fabaceae). Taxon 25: 463-472. https://doi.org/10.2307/1220528
Turner, B. L. and A. M. Powell. 2001. Documented chromosome numbers 2001: 1. Chromosome number of Lupinus havardii (Fabaceae). Sida 19: 643.
Zanin, A. and M. Cangiano. 2001. El cariotipo de Hoffmannseggia glauca (Fabaceae). Darwiniana 39: 11-13.

JUNCACEAE:

Snogerup, S. 1993. A revision of Juncus subgen. Juncus (Junaceae). Willdenowia 23: 23-73.

KOEBERLINIACEAE:

Holmes, W. C., K. L. Yip and A. E. Rushing. 2008. Taxonomy of Koeberlinia (Koeberliniaceae). Brittonia 60: 171–184.

LOASACEAE:

Schenk, J. J. and L. Hufford. 2011. Phylogeny and taxonomy of Mentzelia section Bartonia (Loasaceae). Systematic Botany 36: 711-720. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364411X583673

ONAGRACEAE:

Moore, D. M. and P. H. Raven. 1970. Cytogenetics, distribution, and amphitropical affinities of South American Camissonia (Onagraceae). Evolution 24: 816-823. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1970.tb01817.x
Raven, P. H. and W. L. Tai. 1979. Observations of chromosomes in Ludwigia (Onagraceae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 66: 862-879. https://doi.org/10.2307/2398926

OPHIOGLOSSACEAE:

Dauphin, B., J. R. Gant, D. R. Farrar and C. J. Rothfels. In press. Rapid allopolyploid radiation in moonwort ferns (Botrychium; Ophioglossaceae) revealed by PacBio sequencing of homologous and homeologous nuclear regions.
Dauphin, B., J. Grant and P. Mráz. 2016. Ploidy level and genome size variation in the homosporous ferns Botrychium s.l. (Ophioglossaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 302: 575–584. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-016-1285-7
Farrar, D. R. and M. C. Stensvold. 2017. Observations on bipolar disjunctions of moonwort ferns (Botrychium, Ophioglossaceae). American Journal of Botany 104: 1675-1679. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1700166
Meza-Torres, E. I., M. C. Stensvold, D. R. Farrar and M. S. Ferrucci. 2017. Circumscription of the South American moonwort Botrychium (Ophioglossaceae). Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology 151: 258-268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11263504.2016.1165752
Meza-Torrez, E. I., M. C. Stensvold, D. R. Farrar and M. S. Ferrucci. 2016. Circumscription of the South American moonwort Botrychium (Ophioglossaceae). Plant Biosystems. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11263504.2016.1165752
Stensvold, M. C. and D. R. Farrar. 2017. Genetic diversity in the worldwide Botrychium lunaria (Ophioglossaceae) complex, with new species and new combinations. Brittonia 69: 148-175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12228-016-9455-z

OROBANCHACEAE:

Schneider, A. and A. J. Moore. 2017. Parallel Pleistocene amphitropical disjunctions in a parasitic plant and its host. American Journal of Botany 104: 1745-1755. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1700181

PLANTAGINACEAE:

Sharma, N., P. Koul and A. K. Koul. 1992. Genetic systems of six species of Plantago (Plantaginaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 181: 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00937582

POACEAE:

Allred, K. W. and F. W. Gould. 1983. Systematics of the Bothriochloa saccharoides Complex (Poaceae: Andropogoneae). Systematic Botany 8: 168-184. https://doi.org/10.2307/2418692
Amarilla, L. D., J. O. Chiapella, V. Sosa, N. C. Moreno and A. M. Anton. 2015. A tale of North and South America: Time and mode of dispersal of the amphitropical genus Munroa (Poaceae, Chloridoideae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 179: 110-125. https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12304
Blattner, F. R. 2006. Multiple intercontinental dispersals shaped the distribution area of Hordeum (Poaceae). New Phytologist 169: 603-614. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01610.x
Bothmer, R. v., N. Jacobsen and R. B. Jorgensen. 1985. Two new American species of Hordeum (Poaceae). Willdenowia 15: 85-90.
Linde-Laursen, I., R. v. Bothmer and N. Jacobsen. 1989. Giemsa C-banded karyotypes of South American Hordeum (Poaceae) I. 14 diploid taxa. Hereditas; genetiskt arkiv. 110: 289-305.
Ørgaard, M. 1994. Intergeneric hybridization between species of Leymus, Psathyrostachys and Hordeum (Poaceae, Triticeae). Annals of Botany 73: 471-479. https://doi.org/10.1006/anbo.1994.1059
Peterson, P. M. 1988. Chromosome numbers in the annual Muhlenbergia (Poaceae). Madrono 35: 320-324.
Peterson, P. M. and C. R. Annable. 1991. Systematics of the annual species of Muhlenbergia (Poaceae—Eragrostideae). Systematic Botany Monographs 31: 1-109. https://doi.org/10.2307/25027794
Peterson, P. M. and Y. Herrera. 1995. Allozyme variation in the amphitropical disjunct Chaboissaea (Poaceae:Eragrostideae). California Botanical Society 42: 427-440, 442-449.
Peterson, P. M. and J. J. Ortíz-Diaz. 1998. Allelic variation in the amphitropical disjunct Muhlenbergia torreyi (Poaceae: Muhlenbergiinae). Brittonia 50: 381-391. https://doi.org/10.2307/2807780
Peterson, P. M., K. Romaschenko and G. Johnson. 2010. A phylogeny and classification of the Muhlenbergiinae (Poaceae: Chloridoideae: Cynodonteae) based on plastid and nuclear DNA sequences. American Journal of Botany 97: 1532–1554. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.0900359
Reeder, J. and C. Reeder. 1973. Blepharidachne, an anomalous eragrostoid grass. Journal of the Colorado-Wyoming Academy of Science 7: 29.
Salomon, B. and R. v. Bothmer. 1998. The ancestry of Hordeum depressum (Poaceae, Triticeae). Nordic Journal of Botany 18: 257-265. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.1998.tb01878.x
Soreng, R. 1991. Systematics of the Epiles group of Poa (Poaceae). Systematic Botany 16: 507-528. https://doi.org/10.2307/2419340
Valliant, M. T., R. N. Mack and S. J. Novak. 2007. Introduction history and population genetics of the invasive grass Bromus tectorum (Poaceae) in Canada. American Journal of Botany 94: 1156-1169. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.94.7.1156
Voshell, S. M., R. M. Baldini, R. Kumar, N. Tatalovich and K. W. Hilu. 2011. Canary grasses (Phalaris, Poaceae): Molecular phylogenetics, polyploidy and floret evolution. Taxon 60: 1306-1316.

POLEMONIACEAE:

Bell, C. D. and R. W. Patterson. 2000. Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of Linanthus (Polemoniaceae). American Journal of Botany 87: 1857–1870. https://doi.org/10.2307/2656838
Flory, W. S. 1937. Chromosome numbers in the Polemoniaceae. Cytologia, Fujii Jubilee Volume: 171-180.
Hankamp, P., C. D. Bell and R. Patterson. 2016. Towards a complete species level phylogeny of Leptosiphon (Polemoniaceae). Madrono 63: 208-219.
Johnson, L. A. 2016. Stasis, evolution, and extirpation: exploring the fates of angiosperm species post long-distance dispersal with examples from Polemoniaceae. Botany 2016: Annual Meeting of the Botanical Society of America. Savannah, Georgia, USA.
Johnson, L. A., L. M. Chan, R. Pozner and L. D. Glazier. 2012. Allotetraploids in Patagonia with affinities to western North American diploids: Did dispersal or genome doubling occur first? Botanical Review 78: 288-306. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12229-012-9101-8
Johnson, L. A. and R. L. Johnson. 2006. Morphological delimitation and molecular evidence for allopolyploidy in Collomia wilkenii (Polemoniaceae), a new species from northern Nevada. Systematic Botany 31: 349-360. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364406777585865
Johnson, L. A. and J. M. Porter. 2017. Fates of angiosperm species following long-distance dispersal: Examples from American amphitropical Polemoniaceae. American Journal of Botany 104: 1729-1744. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1700183
Johnson, L. A. and R. E. Pozner. 2007. Long distance relationships in Polemoniaceae: a tale of two species. Botany 2007: Annual Meeting of the Botanical Society of America. Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Morrell, P. L., J. M. Porter and E. A. Friar. 2000. Intercontinental dispersal: The origin of the widespread South American plant species Gilia laciniata (Polemoniaceae) from a rare California and Oregon coastal endemic. Plant Systematics and Evolution 224: 13-32. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00985264
Porter, J. M. 1996. Phylogeny of Polemoniaceae based on nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer DNA sequences. Aliso 15: 57-77. https://doi.org/10.5642/aliso.19961501.06
Porter, J. M., L. A. Johnson and D. Wilken. 2010. Phylogenetic systematics of Ipomopsis (Polemoniaceae): relationships and divergence times estimated from chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequences. Systematic Botany 35: 181–200. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364410790862542
Porter, J. M. and R. W. Patterson. 2014. A fistful of Polemoniaceae: New names and combinations. Aliso 32: 55–88.
Turner, B. L. 1994. Taxonomic overview of Gilia, sect. Giliastrum (Polemoniaceae) in Texas and Mexico. Phytologia 76: 52-68.

POLYGONACEAE:

Ertter, B. 1980. A revision of the genus Oxytheca Nutt. (Polygonaceae). Brittonia 32: 70-102. https://doi.org/10.2307/2806224
Hardham, C. B. 1989. Chromosome numbers of some annual species of Chorizanthe and related genera (Polygonaceae: Eriogonoideae). Phytologia 66: 89-94. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.10121
Kempton, E. A. 2012. Systematics of Eriogonoideae s. s. (Polygonaceae). Systematic Botany 37: 723–737. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364412X648698

PTERIDACEAE:

Windham, M. D. and G. Yatskievych. 2003. Chromosome studies of cheilanthoid ferns (Pteridaceae: Cheilanthoideae) from the western United States and Mexico. American Journal of Botany 90: 1788-1800. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.90.12.1788

RANUNCULACEAE:

Dalgaard, V. 1988. Chromosome numbers in some vascular plants from the Disko Bugt area (west Greenland). Willdenowia 18: 243-252.
Hoot, S. B., K. M. Meyer and J. C. Manning. 2012. Phylogeny and reclassification of Anemone (Ranunculaceae), with an emphasis on Austral species. Systematic Botany 37: 139-152. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364412X616729
Hörandla, E. and K. Emadzadeb. 2012. Evolutionary classification: A case study on the diverse plant genus Ranunculus L. (Ranunculaceae). Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 14: 310-324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2012.04.001
Löve, Á. 1982a. IOPB chromosome number reports LXXIV. Taxon 31: 120-126.
Löve, Á. 1982c. IOPB chromosome number reports LXXVI. Taxon 31: 574-598.
Malakha, E. V. 1990. Chromosome numbers in some species of the genera Ranunculus and Batrachium (Ranunculaceae) from the flora of the Soviet far east. Botanicheskii Zhurnal (Moscow & Leningrad) 75: 121-122.
Meyer, K. M., S. B. Hoot and M. T. K. Arroyo. 2010. Phylogenetic affinities of South American Anemone (Ranunculaceae), including the endemic segregate genera, Barneoudia and Oreithales. International Journal of Plant Sciences 171: 323–331. https://doi.org/10.1086/650153
Paun, O., C. Lehnebach, J. T. Johansson, P. Lockhart and E. Hörandl. 2005. Phylogenetic relationships and biogeography of Ranunculus and allied genera (Ranunculaceae) in the Mediterranean region and in the European Alpine System. Taxon 54: 911–930.
Ziman, S. N., C. S. Keener, Y. Kadota, E. V. Bulakh and O. N. Tsarenko. 2006. A revision of Anemone L. (Ranunculaceae) from the southern hemisphere. Journal of Japanese Botany 81: 193-224.

ROSACEAE:

Marticorena, A. 2006. Revisión del género Acaena (Rosaceae) en Chile. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 93: 412-454. http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=10042
Mishima, M., N. Ohmido, K. Fukui and T. Yahara. 2002. Trends in site-number change of rDNA loci during polyploid evolution in Sanguisorba (Rosaceae). Chromosoma 110: 550-558. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00412-001-0175-z
Nakata, M. and K. Oginuma. 1989. Cytological studies on phanerogams in southern Peru, II. Chromosomes of Tetraglochin strictum (Rosaceae) and Ephedra americana (Ephedraceae). Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, B 15: 63-66.

SOLANACEAE:

Acosta, M. C., G. Bernardello, M. Guerra and E. A. Moscone. 2005. Karyotype analysis in several South American species of Solanum and Lycianthes rantonnei (Solanaceae). Taxon 54: 713-723. https://doi.org/10.2307/25065428
Bernardello, L. 1982. Estudios en Lycium (Solanaceae) II. Recuentos cromosómicos en entidades Argentinas. Hickenia 1: 321-328.
Chiang, F. 1982. Estudios cromosomicos en Lycium (Solanaceae) de Norteamerica. Boletín de la Sociedad Botánica de México 43: 9-23.
Fukuda, T., J. Yokoyama and H. Ohashi. 2001. Phylogeny and biogeography of the genus Lycium (Solanaceae): Inferences from chloroplast DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 19: 246–258.
Levin, R. A., N. R. Myers and L. Bohs. 2006. Phylogenetic relationships among the “spiny solanums” (Solanum subgenus Leptostemonum, Solanaceae). American Journal of Botany 93: 157-169.
Levin, R. A., J. R. Shak, J. S. Miller, G. Bernardello and A. M. Venter. 2007. Evolutionary relationships in tribe Lycieae (Solanaceae). Acta Horticulturae 745: 225-240. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2007.745.9
Moscone, E. A. 1992. Estudios de cromosomas meióticos en Solanaceae de Argentina. Darwiniana 31: 261-297.
Stiefkens, L. and B. Bernardello. 2002. Karyotypic studies in Lycium section Mesocope (Solanaceae) from South America. Caryologia 55: 199-206. https://doi.org/10.1080/00087114.2002.10589278
Stiefkens, L. and G. Bernardello. 2000. Karyotypes and DNA content in diploid and polyploid Lycium (Solanaceae). Boletín de la Sociedad Argentina de Botánica 35: 237-244.
Wahlert, G. A., F. Chiarini and L. Bohs. 2014. Phylogeny of the Carolinense clade of Solanum (Solanaceae) inferred from nuclear and plastid DNA sequences. Systematic Botany 39: 1208-1216. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364414X682599
Wahlert, G. A., F. E. Chiarini and L. Bohs. 2015. A revision of Solanum section Lathyrocarpum (the Carolinense Clade, Solanaceae). Systematic Botany 40: 853-887. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364415X689302

VALERIANACEAE:

Bell, C. D., G. Calderon, L. Gonzalez, A. Scholz and S. Liede-Schumann. 2015. Resolving Relationships within Valerianaceae (Dipsacales): New Insights and Hypotheses from Low-Copy Nuclear Regions. Systematic Botany 40: 327-335.
Bell, C. D. and M. J. Donoghue. 2005. Phylogeny and biogeography of Valerianaceae (Dipsacales) with special reference to the South American valerians. Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 5: 147–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ode.2004.10.014
Bell, C. D., A. Kutschker and M. T. K. Arroyo. 2012. Phylogeny and diversification of Valerianaceae (Dipsacales) in the southern Andes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 63: 724-737. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.02.015
Engel, K. 1976. Birtrage zur Systematik der Valerianaceae unter besonderes Berucksichtigung cytosystematischer Ergebnisse. Dissertation. Giessen 1976: 1-196.
Xena de Enrech, N. 1993. Contribución al estudio del género Valeriana L. en Venezuela: distribución geográfica, caracteres morfoanatómicos, cariológicos y palinológicos de interés taxonómico y evolutivo. Acta Botanica Venezuelica 16: 105-136.

VERBENACEAE:

Chaw, S.-m., C.-i. Peng and M.-T. Kao. 1986. Verbena bonariensis L. (Verbenaceae): a newly naturalized plant in Taiwan. Journal of the Taiwan Museum 39: 123-126.
Frost, L. A., S. M. Tyson, P. Lu-Irving, N. O’Leary and R. G. Olmstead. 2017. Origins of North American arid-land Verbenaceae: More than one way to skin a cat. American Journal of Botany 104: 1708-1716. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1700292
Kumar, P. and B. Dutt. 1989. Cytogenetic basis of breeding system in some verbenaceous species. Cytologia 54: 347-353. https://doi.org/10.1508/cytologia.54.347
Lu-Irving, P., N. O'Leary, A. O'Brien and R. G. Olmstead. 2014. Resolving the genera Aloysia and Acantholippia within tribe Lantaneae (Verbenaceae), using chloroplast and nuclear sequences. Systematic Botany 39: 644-655. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364414X680816
Turner, B. L. and A. M. Powell. 2005. Chromosome numbers of Glandularia (Verbenaceae) from central and Trans-Pecos, Texas. Sida 21: 1657-1661.
Umber, R. E. 1979. The genus Glandularia (Verbenaceae) in North America. Systematic Botany 4: 72-102. https://doi.org/10.2307/2418666
Yuan, Y.-W. and R. G. Olmstead. 2008. A species-level phylogenetic study of the Verbena complex (Verbenaceae) indicates two independent intergeneric chloroplast transfers. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 48: 23–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.04.004

ZYGOPHYLLACEAE:

Beier, B.-A., J. A. A. Nylander, M. W. Chase and M. Thulin. 2004. Phylogenetic relationships and biogeography of the desert plant genus Fagonia (Zygophyllaceae), inferred by parsimony and Bayesian model averaging. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 33: 91-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2004.05.010
Laport, R. G., R. L. Minckley and J. Ramsey. 2012. Phylogeny and cytogeography of the North American creosote bush (Larrea tridentata, Zygophyllaceae). Systematic Botany 37: 153-164. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364412X616738
Lia, V. V., V. A. Confalonieri, C. I. Comas and J. H. Hunziker. 2001. Molecular phylogeny of Larrea and its allies (Zygophyllaceae): reticulate evolution and the probable time of creosote bush arrival to North America. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 21: 309–320. https://doi.org/10.1006/mpev.2001.1025